Independent contractors and sole proprietors in the Golden State face specific tax obligations not applicable to traditional W-2 employees. These individuals are responsible for paying both the employer and employee portions of Social Security and Medicare taxes, often referred to as the self-employment tax. This encompasses the 12.4% Social Security tax on earnings up to a statutory limit, and the 2.9% Medicare tax on all earnings. For example, an individual earning $50,000 annually through self-employment would be liable for both halves of these taxes on a significant portion of their income.
This dual tax responsibility is crucial for the solvency of Social Security and Medicare programs, ensuring these safety nets remain available for all eligible individuals. Historically, the self-employment tax has been structured this way to mirror the combined contributions made by employers and employees in traditional employment relationships. Paying these taxes ensures access to future Social Security and Medicare benefits, including retirement income, disability coverage, and healthcare.