A motor connecting directly to the driven load, eliminating intermediate mechanisms like gears, belts, or chains, is known as a direct-drive motor. For instance, in a washing machine, this configuration allows the motor to directly rotate the drum. This contrasts with traditional designs where a belt and pulley system transfers power from the motor to the drum.
This direct connection offers several advantages. It reduces energy loss due to friction and mechanical compliance in transmission components, leading to improved efficiency and responsiveness. Furthermore, the absence of these components simplifies the system, reducing noise, vibration, and maintenance requirements. Historically, the cost and complexity of suitable motors limited the use of direct-drive systems. Advancements in motor technology, particularly in areas like permanent magnet motors and brushless DC motors, have enabled wider adoption across various applications.